The implementation of new technologies in urban agglomerations aims to improve the quality of life of its inhabitants, which also implies the need to find environmentally sustainable formulas, reducing the carbon footprint and energy consumption. In this context, a field of research of great growth is framed, that of passive air conditioning by radiative cooling. It is about creating high-tech materials, in the form of coatings or paints, capable of evacuating heat from buildings without heating the air that surrounds them, using the cold deep space as a sink. There are numerous proposals under development in this field, some of which are already being tested in real scenarios.
Also in the field of smart cities, another line of research seeks to design new materials that help improve the management of wireless connectivity without increasing energy consumption. An example is the electromagnetic engineering surfaces of the company e2ip and the Communications Research Center of Canada, which have deserved one of the CES 2021 innovation awards in the Smart Cities category. These are semi-transparent plastic sheets that can be applied to interior or exterior surfaces and that are capable of increasing, directing or blocking specific radio frequencies, which allows improving connectivity within an enclosure or shielding its communications.
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